Abstract
The Republic of Panama has a unique and fortunate geographic setting that combines abundant annual precipitation, relatively low seismic risk, and a neotropical location that is just south of the Atlantic-Caribbean hurricane zone, thereby sparing the nation from the intense destructive capability of these storms. The only interoceanic canal in the hemisphere has provided a base for economic activity that sustains the nation and provides revenue for a good water supply system across the country. The population of the Republic of Panama, at 4million, has doubled since 1980, a period of 37years. This high rate of growth and associated rapid economic development, urbanization, adverse effects of global climate change, and environmental deterioration, combine to increase pressure on water resources. A key 21st century challenge for the government of the Republic of Panama is improving the maintenance of water resources treatment and distribution infrastructure, a challenge common to most nations.
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