Abstract
In olive tree crop and olive oil industry, significant amount of olive mill wastewater, together with low/medium moisture residues, such as biomass from olive tree pruning, olive stones, and pomace residues from olive oil extraction, are generated. This chapter provides an overview of the residues generated in the industry, their composition, and the main technologies for their revalorization into high-added value products in an integrated biorefinery concept. Low/medium residues are considered for heat and power generation or for the production of biofuels (ethanol) or other bioproducts, that is, xylitol, oligosaccharides, and antioxidants. High-moisture residues are examined for agricultural uses and the production of bioenergy and biofuels and previous extraction of polyphenols. Other advanced applications, such as animal feed, the production of biosorbents or as ingredients in construction materials are also discussed.
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