Abstract
This chapter discusses the principles of operation, experimental realisation and various imaging tests of far-field optical microscopy based on two-stage image magnification. The first stage must use 2D surface waves or 3D photonic crystal mirrors to produce magnified images of the object, which can be then viewed with a conventional optical microscope. The development of such imaging technique becomes possible with the progress in the surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) optics, which allowed the creation of magnifying SPP mirrors and SPP crystals with both positive and negative refractive index for SPP waves crossing the SPP crystal boundary. SPPs are surface electromagnetic waves on a metal–dielectric interface that can have short wavelengths in the spectral range near the surface plasmon resonance frequency. The chapter presents the recent overviews of the basic properties of SPPs. In the chapter, the resolution of up to 30nm has been experimentally demonstrated with the illumination light wavelength around 500 nm. This technique is useful for imaging and projection applications where high, sub-diffraction limited optical resolution and fast image acquisition times are required.
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