Abstract
In this chapter we explore quantum dots nanoparticles for solar energy applications. The solar photovoltaic sector is one of the world’s most rapidly growing energy markets. The solar power business is expected to grow by a factor of ten by 2030. A breakthrough technology that can give greater efficiency and cheaper costs than traditional silicon PV panels is necessary for solar energy to flourish. Quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) could be created with quantum dots as the photovoltaic material of choice. It tries to replace costly bulk materials including silicon, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), and cadmium-telluride (Cd-Te). Quantum dots are artificial atoms with energy levels that can be changed by changing their size, which defines energy bandgaps. The energy bandgap in bulk materials is determined by the selection of material(s) properties. As a result, multijunction solar cells, which employ a variety of materials to increase efficiency by harvesting a large amount of solar spectrum, are very interested in quantum dots with an adjustable bandgap. The bandgap can be changed from visible to infrared spectra using a single-material system. The quantum dots are synthesized from a solution that is suitable for high-volume, low-cost roll-to-roll manufacturing. As more is learned about how quantum dots work and their unique features, their application is becoming more common. Solar cell technology is progressing swiftly, and quantum dots–based solar cells are being touted as a promising future alternative.
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