Abstract
Abstract Ammonia production from N2 and H2 by the high-temperature and high-pressure catalytic Haber-Bosch process is among the largest and the most energy intensive industrial process. This large environmental footprint is strongly linked to the current, mostly-fossil origin of dihydrogen. The room temperature and ambient pressure photo reduction of N2, which is what some microorganisms obtain overall with ATP-fueled N2 reduction by nitrogenase enzymes, would circumvent such need for (fossil) H2 and hence could provide a sustainable route to NH3. This chapter reviews the current state-of-the-art process for ammonia photocatalysts, providing representative examples for the various classes of active materials reported so far (titania, metal sulfides, bismuth, and carbon-based materials).
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