Abstract
This chapter briefly describes the history, status, and perspectives of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFAL) in Japan, Taiwan, China, Thailand, and North America, including research, development, and business. The governmental subsidy for PFAL research and development (R&D) and business in Japan is introduced. Taiwanese companies have started to export and build turn-key PFALs abroad. PFALs have been developing rapidly in China since 2010. The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) started a national project on intelligent plant factory production technology in 2013 supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology. The Institute of Urban Agriculture was built in 2018at Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, supported by CAAS. In Korea, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE) started a research project named “Development of major components for IT-LED-based plant factories” in 2009. The annual domestic market of the PFAL business in Korea was worth nearly US$600 million in 2014. In the USA, several large-scale commercial facilities were recently built to produce leafy greens, herbs, and microgreens. More recently, large commercial PFAL facilities were built close to large cities such as Newark in New Jersey. The perspectives of the PFAL business and R&D in Asia and North America are discussed.
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