Abstract
Outbreak is any unusual occurrence of disease or health related events clearly in excess of the usual occurrence in a defined community, region or season. For diseases which are under elimination or eradication, even a single case is considered as an outbreak. Outbreak investigation is one of the most challenging tasks faced by a public health specialist. Outbreaks cannot always be predicted but recognition of early warning signs, timely and prompt investigations to identify the cause, and the use of specific preventive and control measures can reduce morbidity/mortality. The primary aim of an outbreak investigation is to control, limit the spread and identify strategies for prevention or elimination of the risk of such outbreaks in the future. Outbreak investigations involve multiple steps in identifying the source or agent involved in the outbreak. The role of descriptive and analytical epidemiology plays a major role in outbreak investigations. Preventive and control measures should be implemented immediately on preliminary investigation and should not be held up till finalization of investigation or the laboratory confirmation.
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