Chapter 3 - Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

Progressive neurodegenerative diseases have complex multifactorial mechanisms of disease pathogenesis making therapeutic intervention a major challenge. Chronic neuroinflammation has been documented in all progressive neurodegenerative disorders and their respective preclinical models. A wealth of clinical and experimental evidence from multiple neurodegenerative diseases now supports the view that chronic neuroinflammation is a self-perpetuating pathological process that can drive disease progression. In this chapter, we outline the current evidence supporting a role of sustained neuroinflammation in the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the pathological mechanisms involved. We also summarize recent therapeutic interventions targeting neuroinflammation and outline potential therapeutic strategies and drug targets. We conclude with a summary of the critical knowledge gaps that currently impede therapeutic development, as well as recent paradigm shifts in the field that could yield promising treatment strategies and targets in the near future.