Abstract
The delivery of drugs to ruminants can be a costly process since these animals are placed in remote areas. to minimize the number of times these animals must be handled during grazing periods, numerous products have been devised to provide very long-term delivery of drugs to them. This chapter reviews systems that have been designed to deliver drugs to the rumen of grazing animals focusing on those product concepts that have been commercialized in various countries of the world. The mechanisms of drug delivery utilized to achieve these product concepts vary widely. In some systems the delivery rate is largely free of local environmental influences such as the osmotic mechanism associated with the IVOMEC® SR bolus. In others the rate is strongly dependent on the local environmental factors such as the erosion-based systems utilized in various nutritional and antibacterial delivery systems. This chapter focuses on the pharmaceutical and clinical performance of these products.
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