Abstract
This chapter covers important data from scientific publications on proteins and some naturally occurring peptides in bovine milk whey regarding its methods of production, composition, its nutritiveand biological properties, and some applications. The main available preparations are whey protein concentrates (WPC), whey protein isolates (WPI), and whey protein hydrolysate (WPH). Hydrolysates are obtained mainly by the use of proteolytic enzymes present in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or can they originate from plants and microorganisms. The bioactivity and functional properties of the main proteins are β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), α-lactalbumin (α-LA), lactoferrin (LF), lactoperoxidase (LP), and immunoglobulins (Igs). Also, some naturally occurring biopeptides, insulin—like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growth factors (TGF-βs), epidermal growth factors (EGFs) are all described. Peptides isolated from WPH are identified and partially characterized on their bioactivities. The impact of the main whey proteins and peptides on human health is discussed.
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