Abstract
Gene products for members of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II gene families are exceptionally variable and represent the most polymorphic genes in vertebrate genomes. As a consequence of this genetic variation, the respective proteins evoke strong rejection of allogeneic transplants, and certain alleles are associated with susceptibility to various diseases, mostly of immunologic origin. This chapter provides an overview of the discovery, structure, and function of MHC in general, and it reviews various genetic aspects of the MHC of two widely-used macaque species in biomedical research, Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis.
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