Abstract
This chapter focuses on the sperm transport through the cervix. In some vaginal semen depositors, such as primates and dairy cattle, sperm presumably pass through the cervix by swimming through the cervical mucus. After deposition in the cranial vagina, sperm of humans and dairy cows enter the cervical canal rapidly, where they encounter large volumes of cervical mucus produced when systemic levels of estrogen are high. Cervical mucus presents a greater barrier to abnormal sperm that cannot swim properly or that present a poor hydrodynamic profile than it does to morphologically normal vigorously motile sperm and is thus thought to be one means of sperm selection. The chapter also discusses the oocyte transport. There are two steps involved in oocyte transport. The first is the picking up of the oocyte from the surface of the ovary or from the ovarian bursa by the fimbria. The second is transport of the oocyte through the oviductal ampulla.
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