Chapter 3 - Facilities design and workflow considerations for processing unidentified human skeletal remains

Abstract

The identification of missing persons (MP) by DNA typing occupies a unique space within human genetic testing. As the human remains in MP cases may be skeletonized, or the genetic material otherwise highly compromised, the processes and DNA typing procedures applied to samples from unidentified decedents are sometimes more akin to work with ancient DNA than the methods employed for routine criminal casework. While ancient DNA examinations are typically conducted in academic settings, genetic typing in missing persons cases should and must adhere to the rigorous standards and guidelines that govern all forensic DNA casework. This chapter aims to assist labs that may deal with some of the most extreme sample types encountered in MP casework by providing a comprehensive guide to the best practices for laboratory design and infrastructure, equipment, and additional measures that will minimize contamination which could lead to erroneous results. All forensic laboratories may benefit from the facilities design and workflow considerations described herein and may adopt or adapt some of the described practices based on their laboratory’s specific needs and constraints.