Abstract
Polluted wastewater is a potential hazard to the environment, and its treatment prior to discharge is necessary to combat the ill effects. However, the economic resources, cultural background, and technical aspects hinder the implementation process of treatment plants. Besides, the crisis of water, energy, clean air, and the availability of land is also a threat to humankind. Therefore, there is an urgent need for treatment technologies that can address the growing concerns regarding the conservation of energy and sustainability. Biological treatment technologies are often nature-based, less mechanized, and are appropriate solutions for any geographical scenario. This chapter reviews several potent biological conventional wastewater treatment technologies that have evolved with time and are being used at a large scale for the remediation of pollutants in wastewater originating from various sources. It discusses five nature based wastewater remediation technologies that have been employed at various levels.
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