Abstract
Classification and grading systems of diabetic retinopathy serve to monitor the progression of the disease in patients, inform treatment decisions, improve communication and understanding between ophthalmologists and primary care physicians, and enable standardization for research purposes. This chapter reviews the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification as well as the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.
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