Abstract
The choroid plexus (CP) plays a central role in regulating inflammatory cells in the central nervous system (CNS), as well as in monitoring the synthesis, composition, and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. The CP is a selective organ, containing blood vessels embedded within the stroma, enclosed in a wall of epithelial cells, secured by tight junction proteins. The endothelial cells in the CP stroma are unique, unlike the blood–brain barrier, in that these cells form relatively large, fenestrated capillaries allowing inflammatory cells to enter the CP stroma. However, the CP enables selective inflammatory populations to enter the CNS from the blood, based on specific adhesion molecules expressed on blood vessels, CP epithelial cells, and cytokines. The CP participates in immune surveillance, the development of CNS disease, and CNS trauma.
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