Abstract
Algae are one of the basic and important living organisms in the food chain of all aquatic ecosystems. Microalgae are of great commercial use due to their diverse applications. Freshwater and marine microalgae are promising organisms to produce novel, biochemically active compounds. Apart from other benefits, the biomass will help as a green energy source through marketable production. Increasing knowledge with modern scientific approach on the structure and properties of various phycocolloids (agar, carrageenan, alginate, fucoidan, glucan, etc.), drug discovery and bioactive compounds, genetic transformation and tissue culture, molecular phylogenetics, and gene cloning and characterization provide unlimited scope on these sea plants for various biotechnological applications.
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