Abstract
This chapter deals with the impacts on power generation expansion planning and CO2 emissions of biomass energy for electricity generation in Thailand. Thailand has high potential of renewable energy to generate electricity especially from the agricultural waste. Only a small fraction of biomass is used for energy purpose. This study aims to estimate the potential of biomass and its impact on power generation expansion planning as well as its potential in mitigating carbon dioxide emission from the power sector. As the biomass supply is limited by many constraints such as the harvest area, the crop yield per area, etc., all of these constraints are taken into consideration in order to estimate the future biomass availability. Apart from the projection of biomass from agricultural waste, the projection of future supply of municipal waste is also considered. The biomass supplies are then applied as constraints in the least cost electricity generation expansion-planning model. The external cost of CO2 emission is also added to the fuel cost as CO2 taxation to make the power generation from biomass competitive to the traditional fuels. A sensitivity analysis is introduced to find out the optimum value of CO2 charge. Finally, in order to make biomass-fired power plants competitive with fossil-fired power plant, carbon dioxide taxation should be introduced to fuel costs.
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