Abstract
Valve thrombosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication following heart valve replacement. To prevent thrombotic complications, lifelong anticoagulation therapy is required in patients who receive mechanical heart valves. Bioprosthetic valves, on the other hand, are generally believed to be less thrombogenic than mechanical valves. However, there is an increasing awareness of decreased leaflet mobility in both surgical and transcatheter bioprosthetic heart valves. Minimizing the thrombogenicity of prosthetic heart valves is important to ensure long-term undisturbed valve function and improve outcomes in patients. In this chapter, we review the most relevant studies regarding in vitro assessment of prosthetic heart valve thrombosis. In addition, we summarize the recent attempts toward minimizing the risk of valve thrombosis in mechanical and bioprosthetic heart valves.
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