Chapter 25 - Studying Cognition in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Where to From Here?

Abstract

Cognitive theory regarding obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) holds that certain general belief domains are trait-like and form a general predisposition for OCD and probably for other disorders. Some of these are also thought to occur in the context of immediate appraisals of ongoing processes and are thereby more state-like. The theoretical models described in the chapter indicate a sequence of experiences thought to give rise to obsessions and compulsions. Intrusive internal experiences in the form of thoughts, images, impulses, and even physical sensations are followed by interpretations or appraisals of these experiences. When these interpretations are negative, they are accompanied by unpleasant emotions such as guilt, anxiety, frustration, and sadness. The individual seeks to reduce these emotions and gain control over the original intrusions by avoidance and also by mental or behavioral acts that become compulsive habits as they are repeated. A number of factors contribute to the negative interpretations, including preexisting negative mood and beliefs based on parental teachings and modeling and prior experiences.