Abstract
Oral health maintains in good condition by the saliva that is an aqueous fluid in the oral cavity and constantly covers the teeth and oral mucosa. Saliva is secreted by the three major salivary glands: the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, and numerous minor salivary glands. The three major salivary glands generate about 90% of the fluid secretion and minor salivary glands less than 10%. The average daily flow of the whole saliva has been reported to vary in health between 1 and 1.5L. In unstimulated conditions, the average range of flow rate is 0.3–0.4mL/min with an osmolality ranging from 50 to 70mOsmol/kg. However, the volume, flow, and composition of saliva can be altered under the influence of various factors and stimuli. Stimulation like masticatory or gustatory enhances flow rate up to 7mL/min and changes the percentage contributions from each gland. The parotid is contributing more than 20% of total salivary secretions under unstimulated conditions; however, 50% of secretions are under stimulation.
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