Abstract
Errors and critical incidents in health care are often caused or linked to failures in human, organizational, teamwork, communication, psychological, and/or cognitive factors. This chapter focuses on specific aspects of “human factors,” that is, crisis resource management (CRM) and nontechnical skills (NTS). The various sections of this chapter cover key definitions, concepts, and assessment tools of CRM/NTS. Because of numerous putative advantages, simulation-based training (SBT) offers a unique educational experience and is often used to improve CRM, NTS, and teamwork skills during critical situations in acute care settings. The chapter includes a selected literature review regarding SBT in chosen acute care disciplines, namely anesthesiology and operating room teams, adult and pediatric intensive care, resuscitation, and medical and trauma emergency medicine. The overall goal is to improve crisis management in acute care settings and increase patient safety.
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