Abstract
This chapter presents a case study based on a typical gas detection system and it provides an example of the safety-integrity targeting. Assume that the gas detection system has the primary function of providing an executive action input to some other emergency shutdown (ESD) system in order to protect a chemical process plant. This ESD system will close valves to isolate the flammable gases so as to prevent subsequent explosion or fire. It is assumed that successful operation of the gas detection and ESD system will prevent fatality. In order to establish a safety-integrity target, it is necessary to establish a maximum tolerable failure rate for the safety-related system. If a maximum tolerable failure rate is to be established then, a maximum tolerable risk of fatality must first be stated. Mathematical expressions are given that show the maximum tolerable failure rate and maximum tolerable probability of failure on demand for the particular event.
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