Abstract
Renal progenitors are a subset of parietal epithelial cell that exhibit stem cell features in mouse and human. Lineage tracing studies demonstrated that these cells generate podocytes during kidney growth and regenerate podocytes after injury. However, in certain conditions, such as during aging or in the setting of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, the proliferative responses of renal progenitors can be inefficient and impair the regenerative process. In addition, chaotic migration and proliferation of renal progenitors contribute to crescent formation and glomerular scarring. From all these studies, it is now clear that renal progenitors localized among parietal epithelial cells respond to podocyte injury triggering a regenerative program, but an inefficient or excessive response can lead the functional tissue to become a scar-like tissue composed of cells and disorganized extracellular matrix. The discovery of molecular mechanisms directing renal progenitor responses during homeostasis and following injury holds promise in advancing pharmacological tools for prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis.
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