Abstract
Plants cannot live in isolation like other individuals. Throughout their life cycle, they interact with the microbiome ensuing in highly complex plant-microbe (PM) interactions that can be both beneficial as well as harmful. Beneficial PM interaction positively influences the overall growth and development of crops resulting in high yield, vitality, and vigor, while the negative interaction affects adversely. Rhizosphere engineering aims at manipulating the rhizospheric microbes and/or plants in such a way that beneficial PM interaction supersedes harmful ones leading to increased productivity. This can be achieved by employing single or consortia of natural (unmodified) plant growth-promoting microbes or genetically modifying microbes and/or crops through RNAi and genome editing. For either case, a deep understanding of mechanisms underlying PM interaction influencing plant growth is anticipated. This chapter deals with an insight into PM interaction and exploitation of modern genetic engineering tools to engineer the rhizosphere.
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