Abstract

In this chapter, life cycle assessment (LCA) is modified and extended, by incorporating exergy, to form exergetic life cycle assessment (ExLCA). LCA is a methodology for cradle-to-grave assessment, and represents a systematic set of procedures for compiling and examining the inputs and outputs of materials and energy, and the associated environmental impacts, directly attributable to the product or service throughout its life cycle. A life cycle is the interlinked stages of a product or service system, from the extraction of natural resources to final disposal. ExLCA extends the benefits of LCA by considering the environmental impact of exergy factors like exergy losses. ExLCA is applied, as case studies, to internal combustion engine and fuel cell vehicles, and to several hydrogen production technologies.

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