Abstract
Animals have always been exposed to thousands of chemical substances in their daily lives. This exposure may come from the food they eat, the water they drink, the air they breathe, etc. A high level of exposure to many of these chemicals may cause cancer in humans and animals. Cancer is a term that is commonly used to indicate a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and usually the spread of these abnormal cells. The three main classes of agents (carcinogens) causing cancers are chemicals, radiation, and viruses. In this chapter, chemical carcinogenesis is emphasized, and viral and radiation carcinogenesis is discussed briefly. Cancer has become an increasingly prominent disease in recent times, but incidence of cancer is documented through writings thousands of years ago. Recent advances in molecular genetics have provided researchers with additional tools to study the mechanisms and the molecular biology of cancer. The knowledge gained from such studies form the foundation of one's understanding of the process of carcinogenesis.
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