Abstract

Epigenetic changes are reversible but heritable events. They control the accessibility of DNA to elements of the transcriptional complex, including transcription factors and RNA polymerases. Thereby, epigenetic events orchestrate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner. Currently known key epigenetic events include DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, and histone modifications. Altered epigenetic patterns contribute to the pathophysiology of autoimmune/inflammatory disorders. Since epigenetic marks are subject to change and can be modified, they promise potential as targets in individualized therapeutic interventions. Indeed, already routinely applied therapies can modify epigenetic patterns. Here the potential of epigenetic therapies in autoimmune/inflammatory disease will be discussed in the context of the available literature.

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