Abstract
All pipelines should be operated under engineering protection to assure that the oil and gas will be safely and economically transported from wells all the way to the downstream processing plant. Wax, asphaltene, and scales can deposit on the wall of pipe and block the oil and gas flowing inside the pipeline. Corrosion may occur at inner wall and outer wall of pipe, reducing the strength of the pipelines, causing loss of pipeline integrity. Severe slugging may form inside the pipeline and induce operational problems to the downstream processing facilities. This chapter provides fundamental knowledge of composition and chemistry of fluids being transported through pipelines, which are essential for attacking flow assurance issues that attribute to operational problems in oil and gas transportation.
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