Abstract
This book chapter investigates the diverse aspects of Mars, ranging from environmental niches for potential life to the presence of chemosynthetic biomarkers and meteoritic evidence for past life. Additionally, it delves into the significance of the polar regions and the presence of ice-water on Mars. By drawing parallels to Earth, the chapter explores the evolutionary path from protobionts to humans, emphasizing the essential role of water-based homologs. Moreover, it highlights the importance of terrestrial water sustainability, connecting the study of Mars to the urgent need for responsible water management practices on our home planet. By integrating these topics, this chapter provides a comprehensive understanding of Mars' potential for harboring life, sheds light on the fascinating connection between Earth and Mars, and underscores the crucial importance of water sustainability in our ongoing exploration of space and preservation of our own planet.
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