Abstract
Scientific and academic research into the improvement of organoclay-based nanocomposite materials have continued to develop intensively in recent times. Because of their characteristic properties, these materials have found multifarious applications including in food packaging, biomedical applications, and the plastics industry. Several clay minerals have been employed to prepare these types of materials, among them, montmorillonite (MMT) was found to be the most widely used in nanocomposite preparation due to its typical structure, and distinctive physicochemical and rheological properties. With the aim of enhancing the properties of MMT and rendering it suitable to use in various nanocomposite preparations, different bioactive organic compounds are reported in this chapter in order to substitute the inorganic cations using an exchange reaction. This chapter is divided into two parts, the first concentrates on recent developments in modified clay, their preparation techniques by various organic surfactant, characterization, and applications, the second part is devoted to the preparation of nanocomposites based on modified clay using a new cationic surfactant, their properties, and biomedical applications.
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