Abstract
The prevalence of overweight or obese children has increased since the late twentieth century in most industrialized countries. Recently data suggests that the increase in childhood obesity may be declining. We investigated the effects of the sex and lifestyle of adolescents and their parents on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in 200 junior and 755 senior high school adolescents. We show that participation in school-based extracurricular (EC) physical activities and parental body mass index are associated with the levels of one or more CV risk factors in adolescents. Among these, participation in EC physical activities has a profound effect on several CV risk factors, especially in male adolescents. The influence of paternal or maternal obesity on adolescent obesity differs according to sex and age in Japanese adolescents. Therefore, approaches focusing on the parents should take into account the sex of the adolescents.
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