Abstract
Glacial erosion, transportation, and deposition have formed trains or fans of metal-rich debris down-ice from mineral deposits that are much larger exploration targets than their point sources. Dispersal patterns may be the result of one or more phases of ice flow and vary in length from a few tens of meters to >100km. Recognizing the complexity of continental ice sheets and ice-sheet dynamics is essential to understanding the variation in glacial dispersal patterns and successfully searching for mineralized sources. Boulder tracing and till geochemistry have been widely used as exploration tools in glaciated terrain for more than 60 years. In the past 25 years, indicator mineral methods applied to till have become complementary key exploration tools. All of these methods currently are used to explore for a broad range of commodities and deposit types in glaciated terrain, including gold, diamonds, base metals, strategic metals, rare metals, and uranium, and several examples of each are presented in this chapter.
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