Abstract
Ultralow frequency (ULF) waves are ubiquitous in the magnetosphere and can have a large direct and indirect impact on the radiation belts. Although their relative contribution to radiation belt dynamics are still enthusiastically debated today within the scientific community, the fact that they impact radiation belt dynamics cannot be denied. In this chapter, we will not try to convince the reader of their relative importance, but instead we will lay out the different ways in which ULF waves impact the evolution of the particle populations in the inner magnetosphere. First, we will discuss the mechanisms through which ULF waves can directly cause acceleration and loss of particles. Then we will discuss their indirect effects through modulation of other loss and acceleration mechanisms. Along with outlining the theory we will also show both model and observational evidence for the importance of ULF waves and their impact on radiation belt dynamics.
Published Version
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