Abstract
As of 2020, there are no standard definitions for terms such as “vertical farm,” “indoor farm,” “plant factory,” and “plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL).” The term “vertical farm” is often used to mean an enclosed plant production system in a tall building but is also used to mean an enclosed production system for fish and other animals. The term plant factory is often used to mean an enclosed plant production system that utilizes only artificial or electric light but is also occasionally used to mean a plant production system that utilizes both solar and electric light. The term “plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL)” refers to a special type of plant factory that utilizes artificial light but is also used to mean any type of plant production system that utilizes artificial light exclusively. This chapter discusses the differences and similarities in meanings of the above terms and proposes a definition of a PFAL.
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