Abstract
At the nanolevel, the principles of quantum mechanics are governed, therefore, this chapter presents the basic concept related to wave–particle duality and how Louis de Broglie gave a clue as to the wave-like nature of electrons. The experimental evidence of de Broglie’s hypothesis and uncertainty principle are also discussed in detail. A brief introduction to quantum dots and their applications is given, which is of great interest for researchers and scientists. The development of nanotechnology is based on Moore’s law, which predicts the rate of miniaturization and the costs of producing nanostructure components. Lastly, the important phenomenon of tunneling, its physical importance, and its applications are presented.
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