Chapter 2 - Petrophysical models for the interpretation of electromagnetic logs: A brief review

Abstract

Chapters 2 provides a brief review of mechanistic and empirical models used for multi-frequency electromagnetic-data interpretation. Chapter 2 first describes popular empirical models that are used for the interpretation of resistivity measurements acquired in the laboratory and subsurface environments. Next, the chapter provides information about various multi-frequency mechanistic models that can be used for the interpretation of high-frequency conductivity and permittivity frequency-based measurements. Following that, several mechanistic models developed using effective-medium and percolation approximations are presented that are used for the interpretation of low-frequency and mid-frequency conductivity and permittivity measurements. Mechanistic models implementing effective-medium or percolation approximations can handle dispersive behavior of electromagnetic properties that makes them suited for the interpretation of multi-frequency EM logs for geological characterization and formation evaluation.