Chapter 2 - Modern techniques and developments in the detection of foodborne pathogens

Abstract

The incidence of foodborne diseases is increasing every year and is becoming a major health issue worldwide. Foodborne pathogens are found in many foods, and detection of pathogens in foods is crucial in maintaining the safety of food and avoiding foodborne diseases. Foodborne pathogen detection is a labor- and time-intensive technique. As a result, many food inspection methods require quick detection of harmful bacteria in food, and several approaches have been developed. Rapid detection methods may be divided into three primary categories: nucleic acid-based, immunological, and biosensor-based. Amplification based on nucleic acid sequences (NASBA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), multiplex PCR, real-time PCR, simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and isolated oligonucleotides based on nucleic acid-based procedures are a few examples of diagnostic techniques. Mass-based biosensors, electrochemicals, and DNA microarrays are classified according to biosensor-based methods; lateral flow immunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are categorized as immunoassays. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system has the potential to fill the existing gaps in the detection of foodborne pathogens. Rapid detection techniques often include properties that save time, are sensitive, are focused, and require less labor. Rapid detection technology must be developed to prevent and treat food poisoning.