Abstract
Phytoplasma diseases in Thailand were detected in several economic crops. The highest losses associated with the presence of these bacteria are in sugarcane crop as white leaf disease (losses up to US$20 million USD every year). Apart from sugarcane white leaf disease, several phytoplasma diseases have been identified and characterized in Thailand including cassava witches' broom, rice orange leaf, rice yellow dwarf, phyllody of sesame, soybean, mung bean, peanut, wing bean, yard log bean, sunn hemp, gerbera virescence, marigold virescence, mulberry dwarf, longan witches' broom, tomato big bud, jute witches' broom, virescence of flowering plants, and phyllody of ornamental plants and vegetables. Recently, yellows and apical necrosis in papaya was identified as associated with phytoplasmas in Thailand. The major dominating phytoplasma ribosomal groups in Thailand are 16SrI, 16SrII, and 16SrXI reported in more than 20 plant species.
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