Abstract
Reservoir formation evaluation and characterization are the first essential determinations before the formation damage assessment and mitigation tasks because reservoir formation damage processes are greatly influenced by reservoir formation properties. Therefore, the origin, mineralogy, and types of petroleum-bearing formations are reviewed in this chapter. The essential characteristics of conventional reservoirs (sands, sandstones, limestones, dolomites, turbidites) versus unconventional reservoirs (shale, coal-bed gas reservoirs, and gas hydrates) are delineated. Several approaches available for representative rock typing by identification of various groups of rocks and petrofacies are reviewed. The outstanding geologic features that cause hydrocarbon production and reservoir formation damage are described.
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