Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens is putting a new impetus on research into the discovery and development of novel antimicrobial mechanisms. A part of innate immunity in different organisms, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has gained greater significance for their potential application to combat multidrug resistance. Though several sources of AMPs are available, bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides synthesized by bacteria, are widely studied. These peptides have been reported to have both broad spectrum and narrow spectrum activities. Some of these bacteriocins have been well characterized for their therapeutic potential in laboratory studies and have entered clinical trials. In spite of the increasing number of research in this field, not much progress has been observed in translating these into actual therapeutic practice. In this chapter, we discuss AMPs, with greater emphasis on bacteriocins, their pharmacological properties, challenges involved in developing them as drugs.
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