Chapter 19 - Socioeconomic and ecological sustainability of agroforestry in mountain regions

Abstract

Agroforestry is an integrated approach to ecosystem management that involves planting trees alongside crops and livestock. It is being considered as a possible strategy for mitigating global climate change. It contributes to the conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystems by utilizing a variety of plant species and livestock systems on a plot of land. Agroforestry systems benefit local farmers by improving their living conditions. Furthermore, proper management of these systems can provide several ecological benefits. Mountain ecosystems are extremely vulnerable and have recently faced a number of challenges. The conservation and management of these ecosystems is critical. Agroforestry may be an appropriate option for the ecological management and socioeconomic development of mountain farmers. The socioeconomic and ecological sustainability of agroforestry systems has been developed in this chapter. Different mountain ecosystem challenges and opportunities have also been highlighted. This chapter focuses on the impact of agroforestry practices on soil resources such as erosion control, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and productivity enhancement. Based on the available literature, it is possible to conclude that agroforestry systems have a high potential for adoption and implementation in mountainous ecosystems, which may aid in ecosystem management and the livelihood of the local communities who live in these ecosystems.