Abstract

It is estimated that the solar energy provided to the Earth in 1h could satisfy the global energy needs for 1 year. Solar energy is an abundant, clean, and inexhaustible source of energy. Therefore it is necessary to find an efficient way of harnessing this energy, and the solar tracking system is a result of this quest. The efficiency of solar systems increases by using solar tracking systems which can track the position of the sun according to the season and time. Solar energy has many applications such as solar water heating, solar heating of buildings, solar cooking, electric power generation, and many more. Algae cultivation utilizes light, carbon dioxide, and water simultaneously to produce biomass in which light is the most crucial factor. Solar trackers help to overcome photoinhibition, thereby stabilizing photosynthesis to maximize the yield of biomass in the cultivation of algae. Microalgal biomass is an unique energy source since it profitably stores solar energy which can then be converted further into expedient biofuels. The cost of harnessing solar energy includes the costs of procurement, operation, maintenance, and end of cycle. This chapter provides an extensive account of the utilization of solar radiation in the cultivation of algae and the subsequent thermal conversion for bioenergy production.

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