Abstract
This chapter gives an introduction of how United States initiated a directive to offset fund reductions in 2008 by developing a better understanding of natural infrastructure assets. It describes the background assumptions, methodology, and results of developing a spatially related estimate of the green house gas (GHG) flux for the base of the gases including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in details. The objectives of the GHG exchange quantification for the base are given. It reviews the carbon accounting and exchange which outlays the policy tool being developed in United States to reduce sources cap trade system and how . The Chicago Climate Exchange launched in 2003, how it is North Americas' only system for registering GHG offsets with relevant details are shown. It explores the European Climate Exchange and how it operates under a cap and trade system though its scope is international. It further reviews the estimation of GHG flux and different methods of how it was estimated to selecting the best base analysis. The Denitrification–Decomposition Model selected as the base GHG flux analysis, advantages of the model to it with its components.
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