Abstract
Pediatric traumatic brain injury accounts for more than half of the emergency department visits in the United States. Traumatic brain injury is typically broken down into primary and secondary injury. Therapy at this time revolves around minimizing secondary injury to protect viable brain parenchyma. Clinical maneuvers are set around controlling intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow to prevent further damage. Neuroregenerative medicine is based on recovering damaged brain parenchyma and improving functional outcomes after a brain injury. Significant research has gone into studying the use of stem cells to promote neurogenesis and recovery after traumatic brain injuries. Currently, stem cells derived from the umbilical cord prove great promise, as their potential seems to have lower immunologic effects and better prolific properties that are required to restore damaged brain tissue after moderate to severe injuries.
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