Abstract

Peripheral nerve injuries are common and can lead to major disabilities. Despite refinement in surgical techniques to reconstruct nerve injuries, complete functional recovery following nerve regeneration is rare. Therefore, nonsurgical strategies that enhance functional recovery following injury are sought. The advances of the potential therapeutic glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) are discussed including limitations to its clinical translation. As a tool to expand understanding of exogenous GDNF therapies, Schwann cells (SCs) with inducible GDNF expression have been developed. These transgenic SCs can regulate GDNF overexpression via tetracycline family antibiotics allowing for spatial and temporal regulation of GDNF. This chapter provides an overview of peripheral nerve biology including injury and regeneration and the clinical state of the field to improve regenerative outcomes. This chapter then describes methods and anticipated results to generate primary SCs capable of GDNF expression.

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