Abstract
Injuries to spinal column and spinal cord are often due to high-energy trauma and conditions dangerous for patient’s life must be treated first. Partial and complete spinal cord injury (SCI) and Central Cord Syndrome are described in literature and their surgical treatment aims to fix and to decompress. Surgical decompression (SD) is probably the keystone of treatment, since it is able to remove the persistent compression of the primary trauma to the spinal cord that may drive inexorably to a secondary injury. Because of this, many authors tried to define realistic time thresholds for SD. Despite many efforts and findings made along the years, the best treatment choice and threshold is still debated, nowadays evidence report better natural history for patients affected by cervical or lumbar incomplete SCI treated by early decompression. Conversely for Central Cord Syndrome, the decompression strategy is performed by 50% of surgeons and its reliability and efficacy is still debated.
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