Abstract
This chapter focuses on the distinction between nanomaterials and nanostructured materials. It discusses selected examples of different classes of nanomaterials. It provides an overview of the new experimental tools that are used to manipulate individual atoms and molecules. A clear distinction should be made between nanomaterials and materials assembled from nanocomponents. The chapter also describes the importance of transition of material from microscale to nanoscale. Nanoparticles can be prepared by gas-phase synthesis. Moreover, new properties appear simultaneously with phase miniaturization because of the great importance of the specific surface, atom confinement, and quantum effects. The chapter also explains that the critical dimension for the appearance of new properties is around 30 nm.
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