Abstract
Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is a subdeciduous aromatic, branched, scandent, or erect shrub or a small tree that grows to 6–7m in height and belongs to the Rutaceae family. It is widespread in the hot valleys of the Himalayas from Jammu to Bhutan, Nepal, and Pakistan. In India, the large part of Orissa and Andhra Pradesh is covered with Z. armatum plants. This plant is used to cure stomach issues, toothache, chest infections, dental problems, digestive problems, and scabies; it is carminative and antiseptic. This chapter collects information on different aspects of the plant and provides a botanical description, regeneration techniques, and morphological (macroscopic and microscopic) and cytological studies (colchicine-induced variable characteristics) from Z. armatum. Various researchers have observed that Z. armatum possesses valuable biological and pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. A transcriptome assembly to identify genes is emphasized. More research is needed to validate the biological aspects, as well as plant tissue culture to increase an understanding of the biological actions and mass multiplication of the plant inexpensively and conveniently.
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