Abstract
One of the important developmental signaling pathways, Hedgehog (Hh), plays a central role in cancer progression and chemoresistance. GLI family proteins are transcriptional effectors at the terminal end of the Hedgehog signaling (Hh) pathway, and their activities are tightly regulated. In human cancers, aberrant activation of GLI proteins has been linked to the promotion of numerous hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, metabolic rewiring, and chemotherapeutic resistance. All these are driven, in part, by GLI's role in regulating the cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair processes. Recently, studies showed that lncRNA and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are involved in several biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, development, and metabolism, and have been implicated in tumorigenesis by targeting developmental pathways involved in tumor formation. In this chapter, we have summarized and reviewed the most recent findings on some of the known lncRNA and miRNAs targeting GLI proteins and discussed their role in cancer development.
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